of houston



UNITED STATES PATENT orient,

IE-HALF T0 PUMP.

Specification of Reissucd Letters Patent. lipigsuel A 2& 1921 I OriginalNo. 1,325,565, dated December 23, 1919, Serial No. 330,060. filedOctober 1'1, 1919. 11 3 11 1 31 for reissue filed. August 7, 1920.

T0 (1-71 10/101 it may concern.

ie it known that I. (hunvuaac A. HemasoN, a citizen 0] the UnitedStates, residing at Houston. Ilarris county lexas, have invented acertain new and useful Improvw ment in Pumps, of which the following isa full. clear. and exact description. such. as will enahle othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an. in'n irovement in pumps for use in pumpingoil or water or similar fluids from deep wells. It relates morespecifically to th pumping oi fluids which are filled with sand or othersediment or are sticky and viscous anddo not flow freely so as to beeasily discharged from the outlet pipe on theoperation oi the pump. hutwhich hecome lodged therein and fail to How.

One object of my invention is to provide, a pump with means to assistthe action of the pump in forcing the fluid upwardly through thedischarge pipe and maintain a free How therefrom at all times. Anotherohject is to provide an apparatus of the character descrihed wherein thesucker rod and piston used in the operation of the pump may he forcedfree of material which may he lodged therein at 'any time. either duringth operation of the pump. or when the pump is at rest.

Referring to the drawing forming a part of this specification, andwherein like numerals of reference are applied to like parts throughoutthe several riews. Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section throughthe main working parts of my improved pump; Fig. 2 is a transversesection taken on the plane 22 of Fig. 1; Fi 3 is a broken sec tionthrough the working harrel of my pump showing the piston in elevation.

My invention comprises a modification of an ordinary pump hy meansacting to force a discharge of some freely flowing fluid up.- wardlythrough the outlet discharge of the pump, said discharge of fluid helngactuated more or less automatically by the ope 'ation of the otherparts. The type of pump used employs an ordinary pump piston. such as isnow used in deep wells. and has a discharge for the, fluid heing pumpedSerial No. 402,015.

through the sucker rod connected with the piston. is an additional meansof pertormmg the pumping operation a fluid may he forced downwardlyoutside of the sucker rod and through a passage in the upper part of thepiston so as to disclnirge a iiushinp iiuid upwardly into the sucker rodand as sist Hi carrying away the. liuid' hein pumped. a

.mlerrmg to the drawing, 1 have represented my piston as working withina worl mg harrel l of ordinary construction, having at its upper end acap 3 which corn nected with the working harrel by means oi a couplingmemher i. The cap 3 is adapted to seal the upper end oi theworkmg harreland is provided with a stuffing hox 5 through which the sucker rod 6,con

nected with th plunger. is adapted to reciprocate. Threaded within thecouplin memher 4. which connects the working har rel with the] cap 3. isan annular disk or diaphrapm T. This diaphragm has a central opening 8through which the sucker rod may operate and is provided with aplurality of smaller longitudinal openings SQWhich are controlled hy ahall valve 10 held up wardly within the seat 11 by a helical spring 12.There are three of these valvecontrolled passages, as shown, in Fig. 2,but I do not wish to he confined to any particular number, the purposebeing to provide sutlieient opening for a free downward flow of flushingfluid from the upper end of the working barrel. The cap 3 may also heprovided with a lateral opening into which is threaded a connecting pipe13 leading to the atmosphere or to a source of fluid under pressure suchas steam or compressed air or water.

The piston employed in connection with this pump is not, in its generalconstruction, new in the art. It'has an upper section 14 fixed uponaoentral pipe 15 threaded upon the sucker rod 6. This upper section isformed with a grooved upper surface. so formed as to provide a sharpupper edge 16 adjacent the working barrel, Within which rate additionalsections 17, 18 and 19 below the upper section 14,. each of thesesections beingspaced from the adjacent one by means of a flexible washeror cup 20, normally bent upwardly at the outer edge so as to form atight fit between the plunger and the sides of th working barrel inoperation. The lower end of the pipe 15 is threaded at 21 and providedwith a special nut 22 having a lower wrench hold 23 for the purpose ofoperation. This nut serves to clamp the cups and the section's, betweenwhich they are placed, tightly between the said nut and the uppersection 14. The channel through the interior of the pipe 15 is closednormallyby an upwardly opening ball valve 24: fitting within. a seat 25.

In order to deliver a discharge of liftlng fluid upwardly within .thesucker rod and thereby carry with it any material which may becomelodged'within the said suclzer rod, I have provided a discharge opening26 which opens upwardly within the pipe 15 adjacent the upper end of thepiston. Fluidmay be discharged into this outlet through a plurality ofpassages 27, leading from the upper end of the piston downwardly in aninclined direction to connect with the transverse pipe 28 within thecentra'l channel of the piston. Thus fluid forced doipnwardly throughthe passages 27 and 28 wil inlet 26, past an upwardly opening ball valve29 in the sucker rod, thereby serving to assist in lifting the fluid tothe surface and in making. the same more mobile. The ball valve 29 isprevented from being removed from its position by a valve cage 30 ofordinary construction.

The operation of my pump will now be clearly understood. The workingbarrel is, of course, understood to have the usual foot valve and otherparts usually connected with the pump and the downward stroke of thepiston will serve to force the fluid being pumped upwardly past thevalve 24 and also past the discharge means 26 and through the sucker rodto the surface. Very often the fluid is so mixed with asphaltic materialor with parafiin and other viscous materials that the working of thepiston will not exert suflicient pressure to force the fluid up wardlythrough the sucker rod. Therefore, in the operation of my pump, I haveprovided that, under ordinary circumstances, air will find entrancethrough the inlet pipe 13 and downwardly past the valves 10 into thespace between the piston and the diaphragm l. Thus the downward strokeof the piston will serve to draw air inwardly through the diaphragm tofill the said. space. The upward stroke, however, will close the valves10 within the diaphragm and the compression of the air within the spacewill cause a flow of the air through the passages be discharged upwardlythrough the" 27 and out through thedischarge outlet 26 into the suckerrodwith a strongupward impetus, thus acting in the nature of an air liftpump to assist in the raising of the fluid to the surface. When thematerial being pumped is especially viscous because of the paraflin orasphaltic materials, it may be best to dis charge through the pipe 13,into the space above the piston, a strong pressure of live steam. Thissteam will serve to warm the material within-the sucker rod and willalso exert a strong pressure upwardly through the sucker rod in themanner described and thus serve to prevent the lodging of materialwithin the outlet pipe. It is obvious that either hot or cold water orother fluid may be also used in this connection. It is also possible tostop the pump and to flush the piston and sucker rod clear of allmaterial by means of pumping in, through the connecting pipe 13, asupply of steam or water sufficient to clean the apparatus. It is to benoted that, when air from the atmosphere is used, the operation of theflushing device is practically automatic, the reciprocation of thepiston being sufficient to draw the flushing material past the valve 10in a the diaphragm and to fill the space above the piston so that whenthe said material is compressed it will force its way upwardly throughthe sucker rod. When steam, air or other fluid under pressure is used inthe manner previously stated, the action willnot be entirely automaticand the diaphragm 7 may even be dispensed with, as will be obvious.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire toprotect by Letters Patent is: i

1. In a pump, a working barrel, a piston reciprocable therein, a hollowsucker rod on said piston, a valve controlled diaphragm above saidpiston, said piston having means to draw a flushing fluid downwardlyfrom the surface and discharge it upwardly through saidsuck'er rod bythe operation of said piston.

a 2. In a pump, a working barrel, a diaphragm closing the upper end ofsaid workthe fluid being pumped and means actuated by said piston toforce a jet of flushing fluid all) piston being hollow and providing,with said sucker rod, an upward passage for the fluid being pumped, saidUlSlJOIl also hav- 'ing passages connecting the-space above said pistonwith said sucker rod, a diaphragm in said pump barrel above said pistonwhereby the reciprocation of said piston will cause a discharge of fluiddrawn downwardly from the surface through said passages into said suckerrod.

In a pump, a working barrel, a piston reciprocable therein, a sucker rodon said piston, the upper end of said working barrel being closed, aninlet pipe connected therewith, a valve controlled diaphragm adjacentthe upper end ofsaid working barrel, and means in said piston whereby adischarge of fluid under pressure through said inlet pipe and saiddiaphragm will be projected upwardly from said piston through saidsucker rod. e a 6. In a pump, a working "barrel, a hollow sucker rodreciprocable therein, a piston on the lower end of said rod, apassagethrough said piston for the liquid being pumped, a valve in saidpassage, said sucker rod having a valve controlled openingadjacent thelower end theneof and spaced upwardly from said valve, to dischargetherein a flushing lluid of-diiferent gravity from the liquid beingpumped, for the purpose described.

7.. In a pump, a working barrel closed at the upper end, a tubularpiston therein, a alve in said piston, a hollow sucker rod connected"with said piston, said Working barrel having an opening adjaeent theupper end thereof and said sucker. rod having a valve-controlled openinginto the Working barrel above said piston and adjacent the lower end ofsaid sucker'rod into which fluid forced in under pressure from thesurface will pass upwardly with the liquid being pumped, for the purposedescribed.

8. In a pump, a working barrel, a piston therein, a valve in saidpiston,- a hollow sucker rod connected with said piston, a

passageway leading from saictixclrer rod to the space .within saidworking barrel at a point spaced above said valve, a second valvecontrolling the flow of fluid through said passageway, and meansoperable during the reciprocation of said sucker rod and piston to forceflushing fluid different from the liquid being pumped through saidpassages into the liquid being pumped.

9, In a pump, a working barrel, a piston therein, having a centralpassage 'therethrough, a valve in said passage, a hollow sucker rod onsaid piston, an upwardly directed valve-controlled nozzle in'saidpassage, a lateral inlet connecting the space above said piston withsaid nozzle whereby a flushing fluid may be projected upwardly in saidsucker rod to assist in raising liquid from the well.

ll). In a pump, a working barrel, an inlet thereto at the surface of theground, a piston therein, a valve in'said piston, a hollow sucker rod onsaid piston, an upwardly directed nozzle in said sucker rod above saidmanner and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afii-X'm signature this the 30th day ofJuly, A. 1920.

GRANVILLE ALLISON aumasoa,

